Aristolochic Acids. Nitro-phenanthrenes occurring in ARISTOLOCHIACEAE and other plants. They derive from stephanine (APORPHINES) by oxidative ring cleavage. The nitro group is a reactive alkylator (ALKYLATING AGENTS) that binds to biological macromolecules. Ingestion by humans is associated with nephropathy (NEPHRITIS). There is no relationship to the similar named aristolochene (SESQUITERPENES). . 1.00
Alkylating Agents. Alkylators . Agents, Alkylating . Highly reactive chemicals that introduce alkyl radicals into biologically active molecules and thereby prevent their proper functioning. Many are used as antineoplastic agents, but most are very toxic, with carcinogenic, mutagenic, teratogenic, and immunosuppressant actions. They have also been used as components in poison gases. . 0.35
Aristolochia. Aristolochias . Birthworts . Dutchman Pipe . Dutchman's Pipes . Dutchmans Pipe . Pipe, Dutchman's . Pipes, Dutchman's . Birthwort . Dutchman's Pipe . A plant genus of the family ARISTOLOCHIACEAE. Species of this genus have been used in traditional medicine but they contain aristolochic acid which is associated with nephropathy. These are sometimes called 'snakeroot' but that name is also used with a number of other plants such as POLYGALA; SANICULA; ASARUM; ARISTOLOCHIA; AGERATINA; and others. . 0.32
Alkylation. Alkylations . The covalent bonding of an alkyl group to an organic compound. It can occur by a simple addition reaction or by substitution of another functional group. . 0.32
Aluminum Hydroxide. Aldrox . Algeldrate . Alhydrogel . Alugel . Amphojel . Basalgel . Brasivil . Dialume . Nephrox . Pepsamer . Rocgel . Alumina, Hydrated . Hydroxide, Aluminum . Hydrated Alumina . Aluminum Hydroxide Gel . A compound with many biomedical applications: as a gastric antacid, an antiperspirant, in dentifrices, as an emulsifier, as an adjuvant in bacterins and vaccines, in water purification, etc. . 0.31
